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Entry
CA00283                                                            

Classification
Carotenoid Name
Torularhodin
IUPAC name 3',4'-Didehydro-beta,psi-caroten-16'-oic acid
Formula
C40H52O2
Molecular Weight 
564.816 g/mol
Structure      Search similar carotenoids

Mol file
Carotenoid DB Fingerprints 
Biological functions/Properties 
Number of
conjugated double bonds 
14 including one carboxylic acid (14 in total)
Number of
conjugated multiple bonds 
14 including one carboxylic acid (14 in total)
Isomers 
InChI

InChIKey

Canonical SMILES

XLogP
13.163
Hydrogen Bond donors
(Lipinski's definition)
1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptors
(Lipinski's definition)
2
LipinskiFailures
2
Complexity of molecule
0.064
Number of heavy atoms
42
TPSA
(Topological Polar Surface Area) 
37.300 Å2
Reaction
Pathway
  • Pathway: CB000144,  CB000145
  • Major carotenoid information
    Major carotenoid in marine fungi Rhodosporidium babjevae (Golubev) (Ref.729) and in red yeast Rhodotorula glutinis (Ref.734). The most important producers of torulene and torularhodin include yeasts of Rhodotorula and Sporobolomycesgenera (Ref.735).
    Minor carotenoid information

    Source organisms
    Epicoccum nigrum  - Fungi: fungus, a plant pathogen (Ascomycota - Incertae sedis)
    Helvella gigas (Ref.115) - Fungi: mushroom (Ascomycota - Helvellaceae)
    Rhodotorula minuta (Ref.506) - Fungi: red yeast (Basidiomycota - Cystobasidiaceae)
    References
  • Ref.115: Czeczuga, B., Phyton (Horn, Austria) (1979), 19(3-4), 225-32., "Investigations on carotenoids in fungi. VI. Representatives of the Helvellaceae and Morchellaceae".
  • Ref.506: K. Shivalkar Yada and R. Prabha, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 7(12), 1973–1977, December 2014, ISSN (Print): 0974-6846 , ISSN (Online): 0974-5645, "Extraction of Pigments from Rhodotorula Species of Dairy Environment".
  • Ref.729: Sigmund Sperstad et al., Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 33(4):269-73, "Torularhodin and torulene are the major contributors to the carotenoid pool of marine Rhodosporidium babjevae (Golubev)", DOI: 10.1007/s10295-005-0065-0.
  • Ref.734: Hany M. Yehia et al., Life Science Journal 2013;10(4), "Improvement of Carotenoid Pigments Produced by Rhodotorula glutinis", ISSN: 1097-8135.
  • Ref.735: Anna M. Kot et al., Microb Cell Fact. 2018; 17: 49., "Torulene and torularhodin: “new” fungal carotenoids for industry?", doi: 10.1186/s12934-018-0893-z.
  • CAS
    514-92-1
    Links to other DB
    KNApSAcK: C00023072
    MassBank: CA000103

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