Carotenoids obi
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                            (Green sulfur bacteria)
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☀ Pathway reconstructed carotenoids:       [  Search similar carotenogenesis pathway constructing organisms  ]  
  1. CA00191 (γ-Carotene)
  2. CA00192 ((15Z)-γ-Carotene)
  3. CA00193 (1',2'-Dihydro-γ-carotene)
  4. CA00704 (Chlorobactene)
  5. CA00708 ((13Z)-Chlorobactene)
  6. CA00709 ((15Z)-Chlorobactene)
  7. CA00710 (1',2'-Dihydrochlorobactene)
  8. CA00711 (Hydroxychlorobactene)
  9. CA00713 (Hydroxychlorobactene glucoside)
  10. CA00714 (Hydroxychlorobactene glucoside laurate)
☀ Pathway unconstructed carotenoids: None
☀ Lycopene biosynthesis type: Plant type (Ref.636, Ref.683, Ref.526)

  ☀ CA00043 (Lycopene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00189 (Prephytoene pyrophosphate (diphosphate)) -> CA00060 (Phytoene) -> CA00059 ((9Z,15Z)-Phytofluene) -> CA00053 ((9Z,15Z,9'Z)-ζ-Carotene) -> CA00065 ((9Z,9'Z)-ζ-Carotene) -> CA00066 ((7Z,9Z,9'Z)-Neurosporene) -> CA00044 (Prolycopene) -> CA00043 (Lycopene)

   See: CB000004 (Cyanobacterial and higher plant pathay: CA00189 -> CA00060 -> CA00059 -> CA00053 -> CA00065 -> CA00066 -> CA00044 -> CA00043)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtB(2.5.1.32), CitPsy(2.5.1.32), AtPSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00277: CA00189 -> CA00060) --> PDS(1.3.5.5) (CR00015: CA00060 -> CA00059) --> PDS(1.3.5.5) (CR00016: CA00059 -> CA00053) --> Z-ISO(5.2.1.12) (CR00390: CA00053 -> CA00065) --> CrtI(1.3.5.6), CrtQa(1.3.5.6), CrtQb(1.3.5.6), ZDS(1.3.5.6) (CR00011: CA00065 -> CA00066) --> CrtI(1.3.5.6), CrtQa(1.3.5.6), CrtQb(1.3.5.6), ZDS(1.3.5.6) (CR00012: CA00066 -> CA00044) --> CRTISO(5.2.1.13) (CR00391: CA00044 -> CA00043)




  ☀ CA00192 ((15Z)-γ-Carotene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00192 ((15Z)-γ-Carotene)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), Proposed reaction (CA00191 -> CA00192)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> unknown (CA00191 -> CA00192)




  ☀ CA00193 (1',2'-Dihydro-γ-carotene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00193 (1',2'-Dihydro-γ-carotene)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), Proposed reaction (CA00191 -> CA00193)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> unknown (CA00191 -> CA00193)




  ☀ CA00704 (Chlorobactene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00704 (Chlorobactene)

   See: CB000011 (Knwon path in Chlorobium spp. (green sulfur bacterium): CA00043 -> CA00191 -> CA00704)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtU (CR00155: CA00191 -> CA00704)




  ☀ CA00708 ((13Z)-Chlorobactene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00704 (Chlorobactene) -> CA00708 ((13Z)-Chlorobactene)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000011 (Knwon path in Chlorobium spp. (green sulfur bacterium): CA00191 -> CA00704), (CA00704 -> CA00708)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtU (CR00155: CA00191 -> CA00704) --> unknown (CA00704 -> CA00708)




  ☀ CA00709 ((15Z)-Chlorobactene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00704 (Chlorobactene) -> CA00709 ((15Z)-Chlorobactene)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000011 (Knwon path in Chlorobium spp. (green sulfur bacterium): CA00191 -> CA00704), Proposed reaction (CA00704 -> CA00709)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtU (CR00155: CA00191 -> CA00704) --> unknown (CA00704 -> CA00709)




  ☀ CA00710 (1',2'-Dihydrochlorobactene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00704 (Chlorobactene) -> CA00710 (1',2'-Dihydrochlorobactene)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000011 (Knwon path in Chlorobium spp. (green sulfur bacterium): CA00191 -> CA00704), Proposed reaction (CA00704 -> CA00710)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtU (CR00155: CA00191 -> CA00704) --> unknown (CA00704 -> CA00710)




  ☀ CA00711 (Hydroxychlorobactene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00704 (Chlorobactene) -> CA00711 (Hydroxychlorobactene)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000011 (Knwon path in Chlorobium spp. (green sulfur bacterium): CA00191 -> CA00704), CR00343 (CA00704 -> CA00711)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtU (CR00155: CA00191 -> CA00704) --> CrtC (CR00343: CA00704 -> CA00711)




  ☀ CA00713 (Hydroxychlorobactene glucoside) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00704 (Chlorobactene) -> CA00711 (Hydroxychlorobactene) -> CA00713 (Hydroxychlorobactene glucoside)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000011 (Knwon path in Chlorobium spp. (green sulfur bacterium): CA00191 -> CA00704), CR00343 (CA00704 -> CA00711), CR00300 (CA00711 -> CA00713)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtU (CR00155: CA00191 -> CA00704) --> CrtC (CR00343: CA00704 -> CA00711) --> CruC (CR00300: CA00711 -> CA00713)




  ☀ CA00714 (Hydroxychlorobactene glucoside laurate) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00704 (Chlorobactene) -> CA00711 (Hydroxychlorobactene) -> CA00713 (Hydroxychlorobactene glucoside) -> CA00714 (Hydroxychlorobactene glucoside laurate)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000011 (Knwon path in Chlorobium spp. (green sulfur bacterium): CA00191 -> CA00704), CR00343 (CA00704 -> CA00711), CR00300 (CA00711 -> CA00713), CR00287 (CA00713 -> CA00714)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtU (CR00155: CA00191 -> CA00704) --> CrtC (CR00343: CA00704 -> CA00711) --> CruC (CR00300: CA00711 -> CA00713) --> CruD (CR00287: CA00713 -> CA00714)



Ref.636 : Niels-Ulrik Frigaard, Julia A. Maresca, Colleen E. Yunker, A. Daniel Jones, and Donald A. Bryant, J Bacteriol. 2004 Aug; 186(16): 5210–5220., "Genetic Manipulation of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in the Green Sulfur Bacterium Chlorobium tepidum", doi: 10.1128/JB.186.16.5210-5220.2004
Ref.683 : Maresca, J. A., and D. A. Bryant. 2006. Two genes encoding new carotenoid-modifying enzymes in the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium tepidum. J. Bacteriol. 188:6217–6223.
Ref.526 : Takaichi S., Mar. Drugs 2011, 9, 1101-1118; "Carotenoids in Algae: Distributions, Biosyntheses and Functions", doi:10.3390/md9061101
Since June 15th, 2015 by Junko Yabuzaki.