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Entry
CA00338                                                            

Classification
Carotenoid Name
Caloxanthin
IUPAC name (2R,3R,3'R)-beta,beta-Carotene-2,3,3'-triol
Formula
C40H56O3
Molecular Weight 
584.848 g/mol
Structure      Search similar carotenoids

Mol file
Carotenoid DB Fingerprints 
Biological functions/Properties 
Number of
conjugated double bonds 
11
Number of
conjugated multiple bonds 
11
Isomers 
InChI

InChIKey

Canonical SMILES

XLogP
9.330
Hydrogen Bond donors
(Lipinski's definition)
3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptors
(Lipinski's definition)
3
LipinskiFailures
1
Complexity of molecule
0.303
Number of heavy atoms
43
TPSA
(Topological Polar Surface Area) 
60.690 Å2
Reaction
  • Substrate: CR00181
  • Product: CR00182
  • Pathway
  • Pathway: CB000030
  • Major carotenoid information
    Major carotenoid in cyanobacteria e.g. Synechococcus spp. (Ref.707 and Ref.732).
    Minor carotenoid information

    Source organisms
    Erythrobacter flavus strain KJ5 (Ref.756) - A yellowish marine bacterium that was isolated from a hard coral Acropora nasuta in the Karimunjawa Islands, Indonesia. (Alphaproteobacteria - Erythrobacteraceae)
    Erythrobacter longus (Ref.364) - Alphaproteobacteria: marine anoxygenic phototroph with BChl a (Alphaproteobacteria - Erythrobacteraceae)
    Erythrobacter nanhaesediminis (Ref.756) - Gram-negative, rod-shaped and slightly halophilic bacteria from the genus of Erythrobacter which has been isolated from sediment from the South China Sea. (Alphaproteobacteria - Erythrobacteraceae)
    Calothrix parietina (Ref.1) - Cyanobacteria: a hair-forming cyanobacteria rom an upland stream (Cyanobacteria - Rivulariaceae)
    Synechococcus elongatus (Ref.1) - Cyanobacteria: freshwater unicellular cyanobacterium (Cyanobacteria - Synechococcaceae)
    Anacystis nidulans (Ref.6) - Cyanobacteria: other name is Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (Cyanobacteria - Synechococcaceae)
    Nostoc commune (Ref.1) - Cyanobacteria: star jelly, witch's butter, mare's eggs, fah-tsai and facai, eaten as a salad (Cyanobacteria - Nostocaceae)
    References
  • Ref.1: S. Hertzberg, S. Liaaen-Jensen, and H. W. Siegelman, Phytochemistry, 1971, Vol. 10, pp. 3121 - 3127 "The carotenois of blue-green algae".
  • Ref.6: R. L. Smallidge and F. W. Quackenbush, Phytochemistry, 1973, Vol. 12, pp.2481 - 2482 (1973) "beta,beta-Carotene-2,3,3'-triol: a new carotenoid in Anacystis nidulans".
  • Ref.364: S. Takaichi, K. Shimada, and J. Ishidsu, Arch Microbiol.(1990) 153:118-122, "Carotenoids from the aerobic photosynthetic bacterium, Erythrobacter longus: β-Carotene and its hydroxyl derivatives".
  • Ref.756: Edi Setiyono, Heriyanto, Delianis Pringgenies, Yuzo Shioi, Yu Kanesaki, Koichiro Awai 4 and Tatas Hardo Panintingjati Brotosudarmo, Mar. Drugs 2019, 17, 349, “Sulfur-Containing Carotenoids from A Marine Coral Symbiont Erythrobacter flavus Strain KJ5”, doi:10.3390/md17060349.
  • Ref.707: Suzanne Roy et al., Phytoplankton Pigments Characterization, Chemotaxonomy and Applications in Oceanography, October 2011, Cambridge University Press, pp 665-674, "Part VII - Data sheets aiding identification of phytoplankton carotenoids and chlorophylls", available at http://www.cambridge.org/gb/files/2013/6697/5826/Data_sheets_part_3_Xanthophylls.pdf, ISBN: 9781107000667.
  • Ref.732: S. Takaichia and M. Mochimaru, Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 64 (2007) 2607 – 2619, "Carotenoids and carotenogenesis in cyanobacteria: unique ketocarotenoids and carotenoid glycosides", DOI 10.1007/s00018-007-7190-z.
  • CAS
    29267-88-7
    Links to other DB
    KEGG COMPOUND: C16282
    KNApSAcK: C00022906
    LipidBank: VCA1052
    ProCarDB: C1714

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