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                            (Land plant: watermelon)
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☀ Pathway reconstructed carotenoids:       [  Search similar carotenogenesis pathway constructing organisms  ]  

1. CA00043 (Lycopene)
   
2. CA00044 (Prolycopene)
   
3. CA00057 (Phytofluene)
   
4. CA00051 (ζ-Carotene)
   
5. CA00191 (γ-Carotene)
   
6. CA00309 (β-Carotene)
   
7. CA00414 (Neoxanthin)
   
8. CA00790 (Apo-6'-lycopenal)
   
9. CA00789 (Apo-8'-lycopenal)
   
10. CA01148 (Apo-10'-lycopenal)
    
11. CA01219 (Apo-12'-lycopenal)
    
12. CA01220 (Apo-14'-lycopenal)

☀ Pathway unconstructed carotenoids: None
☀ Lycopene biosynthesis type: Plant type (Ref.690)

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  ☀ CA00043 (Lycopene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00189 (Prephytoene pyrophosphate (diphosphate)) -> CA00060 (Phytoene) -> CA00059 ((9Z,15Z)-Phytofluene) -> CA00053 ((9Z,15Z,9'Z)-ζ-Carotene) -> CA00065 ((9Z,9'Z)-ζ-Carotene) -> CA00066 ((7Z,9Z,9'Z)-Neurosporene) -> CA00044 (Prolycopene) -> CA00043 (Lycopene)

   See: CB000004 (Cyanobacterial and higher plant pathay: CA00189 -> CA00060 -> CA00059 -> CA00053 -> CA00065 -> CA00066 -> CA00044 -> CA00043)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtB(2.5.1.32), CitPsy(2.5.1.32), AtPSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00277: CA00189 -> CA00060) --> PDS(1.3.5.5) (CR00015: CA00060 -> CA00059) --> PDS(1.3.5.5) (CR00016: CA00059 -> CA00053) --> Z-ISO(5.2.1.12) (CR00390: CA00053 -> CA00065) --> CrtI(1.3.5.6), CrtQa(1.3.5.6), CrtQb(1.3.5.6), ZDS(1.3.5.6) (CR00011: CA00065 -> CA00066) --> CrtI(1.3.5.6), CrtQa(1.3.5.6), CrtQb(1.3.5.6), ZDS(1.3.5.6) (CR00012: CA00066 -> CA00044) --> CRTISO(5.2.1.13) (CR00391: CA00044 -> CA00043)




  ☀ CA00057 (Phytofluene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00060 (Phytoene) -> CA00057 (Phytofluene)

   See: CR00398 (CA00060 -> CA00057)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: unknown (CR00398: CA00060 -> CA00057)




  ☀ CA00051 (ζ-Carotene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00065 ((9Z,9'Z)-ζ-Carotene) -> CA00051 (ζ-Carotene)

   See: CR00460 (CA00065 -> CA00051)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: unknown (CR00460: CA00065 -> CA00051)




  ☀ CA00414 (Neoxanthin) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin) -> CA00328 (Zeaxanthin) -> CA00407 (Antheraxanthin) -> CA00416 (Violaxanthin) -> CA00414 (Neoxanthin)

   See: CB000081 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191 -> CA00309 -> CA00322 -> CA00328 -> CA00407 -> CA00416 -> CA00414)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00192: CA00309 -> CA00322) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00190: CA00322 -> CA00328) --> ZEP(1.14.13.90) (CR00158: CA00328 -> CA00407) --> ZEP(1.14.13.90) (CR00159: CA00407 -> CA00416) --> ABA4(5.3.99.9), NSY(5.3.99.9), NXS(5.3.99.9) (CR00382: CA00416 -> CA00414)




  ☀ CA00790 (Apo-6'-lycopenal) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00790 (Apo-6'-lycopenal)

   See: CR00438 (CA00043 -> CA00790)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: Autooxidation (probably non-enzymatic) (CR00438: CA00043 -> CA00790)




  ☀ CA00789 (Apo-8'-lycopenal) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00789 (Apo-8'-lycopenal)

   See: CR00437 (CA00043 -> CA00789)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: Autooxidation (probably non-enzymatic) (CR00437: CA00043 -> CA00789)




  ☀ CA01148 (Apo-10'-lycopenal) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA01148 (Apo-10'-lycopenal)

   See: CR00436 (CA00043 -> CA01148)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: Autooxidation (probably non-enzymatic) (CR00436: CA00043 -> CA01148)




  ☀ CA01219 (Apo-12'-lycopenal) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA01219 (Apo-12'-lycopenal)

   See: CR00439 (CA00043 -> CA01219)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: Autooxidation (probably non-enzymatic) (CR00439: CA00043 -> CA01219)




  ☀ CA01220 (Apo-14'-lycopenal) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA01220 (Apo-14'-lycopenal)

   See: CR00440 (CA00043 -> CA01220)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: Autooxidation (probably non-enzymatic) (CR00440: CA00043 -> CA01220)

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Ref.690 : Enfissi EM, Nogueira M, Bramley PM, Fraser PD, Plant J. 2017 Feb;89(4):774-788. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13428. Epub 2017 Feb 7., "The regulation of carotenoid formation in tomato fruit.", PMID: 27865019 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13428

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Since June 15th, 2015 by Junko Yabuzaki.