Carotenoids obi
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☀ Pathway reconstructed carotenoids:       [  Search similar carotenogenesis pathway constructing organisms  ]  
  1. CA00060 (Phytoene)
  2. CA00057 (Phytofluene)
  3. CA00194 (β-Zeacarotene)
  4. CA00318 (η-Carotene)
  5. CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin)
  6. CA00397 (Mutatochrome)
  7. CA00419 (Luteoxanthin)
  8. CA00421 (Auroxanthin)
  9. CA00831 (Sintaxanthin)
  10. CA00832 (β-Citraurin)
  11. CA00811 (β-Apo-10'-carotenal)
☀ Pathway unconstructed carotenoids: CA00831 (Sintaxanthin)
☀ Lycopene biosynthesis type: Plant type (Ref.690)

  ☀ CA00043 (Lycopene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00189 (Prephytoene pyrophosphate (diphosphate)) -> CA00060 (Phytoene) -> CA00059 ((9Z,15Z)-Phytofluene) -> CA00053 ((9Z,15Z,9'Z)-ζ-Carotene) -> CA00065 ((9Z,9'Z)-ζ-Carotene) -> CA00066 ((7Z,9Z,9'Z)-Neurosporene) -> CA00044 (Prolycopene) -> CA00043 (Lycopene)

   See: CB000004 (Cyanobacterial and higher plant pathay: CA00189 -> CA00060 -> CA00059 -> CA00053 -> CA00065 -> CA00066 -> CA00044 -> CA00043)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtB(2.5.1.32), CitPsy(2.5.1.32), AtPSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00277: CA00189 -> CA00060) --> PDS(1.3.5.5) (CR00015: CA00060 -> CA00059) --> PDS(1.3.5.5) (CR00016: CA00059 -> CA00053) --> Z-ISO(5.2.1.12) (CR00390: CA00053 -> CA00065) --> CrtI(1.3.5.6), CrtQa(1.3.5.6), CrtQb(1.3.5.6), ZDS(1.3.5.6) (CR00011: CA00065 -> CA00066) --> CrtI(1.3.5.6), CrtQa(1.3.5.6), CrtQb(1.3.5.6), ZDS(1.3.5.6) (CR00012: CA00066 -> CA00044) --> CRTISO(5.2.1.13) (CR00391: CA00044 -> CA00043)




  ☀ CA00058 ((all-E)-Phytofluene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00060 (Phytoene) -> CA00057 (Phytofluene) -> CA00058 ((all-E)-Phytofluene)

   See: CR00398 (CA00060 -> CA00057), similar to CB000004: CA00053 -> CA00065 (proposed reaction: CA00057 -> CA00058)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: unknown (CR00398: CA00060 -> CA00057) --> unknown (CA00057 -> CA00058)




  ☀ CA00194 (β-Zeacarotene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00047 (Neurosporene) -> CA00194 (β-Zeacarotene)

   See: CB000145 (CA00047 -> CA00194)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY, CrtL-b (CR00368: CA00047 -> CA00194)




  ☀ CA00318 (η-Carotene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00313 (Dihydro-β-carotene) -> CA00318 (η-Carotene)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000009 (Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309), Proposed reaction (CA00309 -> CA00313), Proposed reaction (CA00313 -> CA00318)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> unknown (CA00309 -> CA00313) --> unknown (CA00313 -> CA00318)




  ☀ CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin)

   See: CB000081 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191 -> CA00309 -> CA00322)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00192: CA00309 -> CA00322)




  ☀ CA00397 (Mutatochrome) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00396 (β-Carotene 5,6-epoxide) -> CA00397 (Mutatochrome)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000009 (Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309), CR00157 (CA00309 -> CA00396), CR00162 (CA00396 -> CA00397)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> unknown (CR00157: CA00309 -> CA00396) --> unknown (CR00162: CA00396 -> CA00397)




  ☀ CA00419 (Luteoxanthin) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin) -> CA00328 (Zeaxanthin) -> CA00407 (Antheraxanthin) -> CA00416 (Violaxanthin) -> CA00419 (Luteoxanthin)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000009 (Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309), CB000028 (Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00322), CB000028 (Knwon path in general: CA00322 -> CA00328), CB000038 (Algal and higher plant pathway (probably eukaryotic): CA00328 -> CA00407), CB000038 (Algal and higher plant pathway (probably eukaryotic): CA00407 -> CA00416), Proposed reaction (CA00416 -> CA00419)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00192: CA00309 -> CA00322) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00190: CA00322 -> CA00328) --> ZEP(1.14.13.90) (CR00158: CA00328 -> CA00407) --> ZEP(1.14.13.90) (CR00159: CA00407 -> CA00416) --> unknown (CA00416 -> CA00419)




  ☀ CA00421 (Auroxanthin) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin) -> CA00328 (Zeaxanthin) -> CA00407 (Antheraxanthin) -> CA00416 (Violaxanthin) -> CA00442 ((8'S)-Luteoxanthin) -> CA00421 (Auroxanthin)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000009 (Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309), CB000028 (Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00322), CB000028 (Knwon path in general: CA00322 -> CA00328), CB000038 (Algal and higher plant pathway (probably eukaryotic): CA00328 -> CA00407), CB000038 (Algal and higher plant pathway (probably eukaryotic): CA00407 -> CA00416), Proposed reaction (CA00416 -> CA00442), similar to CR00161: CA00407 -> CA00410 (proposed reaction: CA00442 -> CA00421)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00192: CA00309 -> CA00322) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00190: CA00322 -> CA00328) --> ZEP(1.14.13.90) (CR00158: CA00328 -> CA00407) --> ZEP(1.14.13.90) (CR00159: CA00407 -> CA00416) --> unknown (CA00416 -> CA00442) --> unknown (CA00442 -> CA00421)




  ☀ CA00832 (β-Citraurin) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin) -> CA00832 (β-Citraurin)

   See: CB000103 (Knwon path in mandarin: CA00043 -> CA00191 -> CA00309 -> CA00322 -> CA00832)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00192: CA00309 -> CA00322) --> unknown (CA00322 -> CA00832)




  ☀ CA00811 (β-Apo-10'-carotenal) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00811 (β-Apo-10'-carotenal)

   See: CB000090 (Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00811)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CCD7/MAX3 (CR00021: CA00309 -> CA00811)



Ref.690 : Enfissi EM, Nogueira M, Bramley PM, Fraser PD, Plant J. 2017 Feb;89(4):774-788. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13428. Epub 2017 Feb 7., "The regulation of carotenoid formation in tomato fruit.", PMID: 27865019 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13428
Since June 15th, 2015 by Junko Yabuzaki.