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CarotenoidsDB:
Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck
carotenoids (Eukaryote) reconstructed pathways in theory
   
(Land plant: orange)
   
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Click here to see the carotenoid profile of Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck
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Pathway reconstructed carotenoids:
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CA00060 (Phytoene)
CA00057 (Phytofluene)
CA00194 (β-Zeacarotene)
CA00318 (η-Carotene)
CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin)
CA00397 (Mutatochrome)
CA00419 (Luteoxanthin)
CA00421 (Auroxanthin)
CA00831 (Sintaxanthin)
CA00832 (β-Citraurin)
CA00811 (β-Apo-10'-carotenal)
☀
Pathway unconstructed carotenoids:
CA00831
(Sintaxanthin)
☀
Lycopene biosynthesis type:
Plant type (Ref.690)
☀
CA00043 (Lycopene)
biosynthesis pathway
Path:
CA00189
(Prephytoene pyrophosphate (diphosphate))
->
CA00060
(Phytoene)
->
CA00059
((9Z,15Z)-Phytofluene)
->
CA00053
((9Z,15Z,9'Z)-ζ-Carotene)
->
CA00065
((9Z,9'Z)-ζ-Carotene)
->
CA00066
((7Z,9Z,9'Z)-Neurosporene)
->
CA00044
(Prolycopene)
->
CA00043
(Lycopene)
See:
CB000004
(Cyanobacterial and higher plant pathay: CA00189 -> CA00060 -> CA00059 -> CA00053 -> CA00065 -> CA00066 -> CA00044 -> CA00043)
Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory:
CrtB(2.5.1.32), CitPsy(2.5.1.32), AtPSY(2.5.1.32) (
CR00277
: CA00189 -> CA00060) --> PDS(1.3.5.5) (
CR00015
: CA00060 -> CA00059) --> PDS(1.3.5.5) (
CR00016
: CA00059 -> CA00053) --> Z-ISO(5.2.1.12) (
CR00390
: CA00053 -> CA00065) --> CrtI(1.3.5.6), CrtQa(1.3.5.6), CrtQb(1.3.5.6), ZDS(1.3.5.6) (
CR00011
: CA00065 -> CA00066) --> CrtI(1.3.5.6), CrtQa(1.3.5.6), CrtQb(1.3.5.6), ZDS(1.3.5.6) (
CR00012
: CA00066 -> CA00044) --> CRTISO(5.2.1.13) (
CR00391
: CA00044 -> CA00043)
☀
CA00058 ((all-E)-Phytofluene)
biosynthesis pathway
Path:
CA00060
(Phytoene)
->
CA00057
(Phytofluene)
->
CA00058
((all-E)-Phytofluene)
See:
CR00398
(CA00060 -> CA00057), similar to
CB000004: CA00053 -> CA00065
(proposed reaction: CA00057 -> CA00058)
Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory:
unknown (
CR00398
: CA00060 -> CA00057) --> unknown (CA00057 -> CA00058)
☀
CA00194 (β-Zeacarotene)
biosynthesis pathway
Path:
CA00047
(Neurosporene)
->
CA00194
(β-Zeacarotene)
See:
CB000145
(CA00047 -> CA00194)
Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory:
CrtY, CrtL-b (
CR00368
: CA00047 -> CA00194)
☀
CA00318 (η-Carotene)
biosynthesis pathway
Path:
CA00043
(Lycopene)
->
CA00191
(γ-Carotene)
->
CA00309
(β-Carotene)
->
CA00313
(Dihydro-β-carotene)
->
CA00318
(η-Carotene)
See:
CB000007
(Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191),
CB000009
(Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309), Proposed reaction (CA00309 -> CA00313), Proposed reaction (CA00313 -> CA00318)
Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory:
CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (
CR00374
: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (
CR00365
: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> unknown (CA00309 -> CA00313) --> unknown (CA00313 -> CA00318)
☀
CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin)
biosynthesis pathway
Path:
CA00043
(Lycopene)
->
CA00191
(γ-Carotene)
->
CA00309
(β-Carotene)
->
CA00322
(β-Cryptoxanthin)
See:
CB000081
(Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191 -> CA00309 -> CA00322)
Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory:
CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (
CR00374
: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (
CR00365
: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (
CR00192
: CA00309 -> CA00322)
☀
CA00397 (Mutatochrome)
biosynthesis pathway
Path:
CA00043
(Lycopene)
->
CA00191
(γ-Carotene)
->
CA00309
(β-Carotene)
->
CA00396
(β-Carotene 5,6-epoxide)
->
CA00397
(Mutatochrome)
See:
CB000007
(Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191),
CB000009
(Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309),
CR00157
(CA00309 -> CA00396),
CR00162
(CA00396 -> CA00397)
Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory:
CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (
CR00374
: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (
CR00365
: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> unknown (
CR00157
: CA00309 -> CA00396) --> unknown (
CR00162
: CA00396 -> CA00397)
☀
CA00419 (Luteoxanthin)
biosynthesis pathway
Path:
CA00043
(Lycopene)
->
CA00191
(γ-Carotene)
->
CA00309
(β-Carotene)
->
CA00322
(β-Cryptoxanthin)
->
CA00328
(Zeaxanthin)
->
CA00407
(Antheraxanthin)
->
CA00416
(Violaxanthin)
->
CA00419
(Luteoxanthin)
See:
CB000007
(Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191),
CB000009
(Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309),
CB000028
(Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00322),
CB000028
(Knwon path in general: CA00322 -> CA00328),
CB000038
(Algal and higher plant pathway (probably eukaryotic): CA00328 -> CA00407),
CB000038
(Algal and higher plant pathway (probably eukaryotic): CA00407 -> CA00416), Proposed reaction (CA00416 -> CA00419)
Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory:
CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (
CR00374
: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (
CR00365
: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (
CR00192
: CA00309 -> CA00322) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (
CR00190
: CA00322 -> CA00328) --> ZEP(1.14.13.90) (
CR00158
: CA00328 -> CA00407) --> ZEP(1.14.13.90) (
CR00159
: CA00407 -> CA00416) --> unknown (CA00416 -> CA00419)
☀
CA00421 (Auroxanthin)
biosynthesis pathway
Path:
CA00043
(Lycopene)
->
CA00191
(γ-Carotene)
->
CA00309
(β-Carotene)
->
CA00322
(β-Cryptoxanthin)
->
CA00328
(Zeaxanthin)
->
CA00407
(Antheraxanthin)
->
CA00416
(Violaxanthin)
->
CA00442
((8'S)-Luteoxanthin)
->
CA00421
(Auroxanthin)
See:
CB000007
(Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191),
CB000009
(Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309),
CB000028
(Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00322),
CB000028
(Knwon path in general: CA00322 -> CA00328),
CB000038
(Algal and higher plant pathway (probably eukaryotic): CA00328 -> CA00407),
CB000038
(Algal and higher plant pathway (probably eukaryotic): CA00407 -> CA00416), Proposed reaction (CA00416 -> CA00442), similar to
CR00161: CA00407 -> CA00410
(proposed reaction: CA00442 -> CA00421)
Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory:
CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (
CR00374
: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (
CR00365
: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (
CR00192
: CA00309 -> CA00322) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (
CR00190
: CA00322 -> CA00328) --> ZEP(1.14.13.90) (
CR00158
: CA00328 -> CA00407) --> ZEP(1.14.13.90) (
CR00159
: CA00407 -> CA00416) --> unknown (CA00416 -> CA00442) --> unknown (CA00442 -> CA00421)
☀
CA00832 (β-Citraurin)
biosynthesis pathway
Path:
CA00043
(Lycopene)
->
CA00191
(γ-Carotene)
->
CA00309
(β-Carotene)
->
CA00322
(β-Cryptoxanthin)
->
CA00832
(β-Citraurin)
See:
CB000103
(Knwon path in mandarin: CA00043 -> CA00191 -> CA00309 -> CA00322 -> CA00832)
Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory:
CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (
CR00374
: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (
CR00365
: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (
CR00192
: CA00309 -> CA00322) --> unknown (CA00322 -> CA00832)
☀
CA00811 (β-Apo-10'-carotenal)
biosynthesis pathway
Path:
CA00309
(β-Carotene)
->
CA00811
(β-Apo-10'-carotenal)
See:
CB000090
(Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00811)
Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory:
CCD7/MAX3 (
CR00021
: CA00309 -> CA00811)
Ref.690 : Enfissi EM, Nogueira M, Bramley PM, Fraser PD, Plant J. 2017 Feb;89(4):774-788. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13428. Epub 2017 Feb 7., "The regulation of carotenoid formation in tomato fruit.", PMID: 27865019 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13428
Since June 15th, 2015 by Junko Yabuzaki.