Carotenoids obi
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☀ Pathway reconstructed carotenoids:       [  Search similar carotenogenesis pathway constructing organisms  ]  
  1. CA00309 (β-Carotene)
  2. CA00775 (Isorenieratene-3,3'-diol)
  3. CA00825 (β-Apo-8'-carotenal)
  4. CA00846 (Apo-10'-zeaxanthinal)
  5. CA00808 (β-Apo-14'-carotenal)
  6. CA01000 (Apo-15-zeaxanthinal)
  7. CA00807 (Retinal)
  8. CA01003 (Apo-13-zeaxanthinone)
  9. CA00848 (β-Apo-13-carotenone)
☀ Pathway unconstructed carotenoids: None
☀ Lycopene biosynthesis type: Bacterial type (Ref.690)

  ☀ CA00043 (Lycopene) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00189 (Prephytoene pyrophosphate (diphosphate)) -> CA00060 (Phytoene) -> CA00058 ((all-E)-Phytofluene) -> CA00051 (ζ-Carotene) -> CA00047 (Neurosporene) -> CA00043 (Lycopene)

   See: CB000005 (Bacterial and fungal pathway: CA00189 -> CA00060 -> CA00058 -> CA00051 -> CA00047 -> CA00043)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtB(2.5.1.32), CitPsy(2.5.1.32), AtPSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00277: CA00189 -> CA00060) --> Crtlb(1.3.99.28), CrtI(1.3.99.28, 1.3.99.30, 1.3.99.31), Crtlb(1.3.99.28), PDS(1.3.99.29), Crtla(1.3.99.29) (CR00389: CA00060 -> CA00058) --> CrtI(1.3.99.28, 1.3.99.30, 1.3.99.31), Crtlb(1.3.99.28), PDS(1.3.5.5, 1.3.99.29), Crtla(1.3.99.29) (CR00115: CA00058 -> CA00051) --> PDS(1.3.5.5, 1.3.99.29), CitPDS1(1.3.5.5), BoPDS(1.3.5.5), CrtI(1.3.5.6, 1.3.99.28, 1.3.99.30, 1.3.99.31), Crtlb(1.3.99.28), CrtQa(1.3.5.6), CrtQb(1.3.5.6), ZDS(1.3.5.6) (CR00136: CA00051 -> CA00047) --> CrtI(1.3.5.6, 1.3.99.30, 1.3.99.31), CrtQa(1.3.5.6), CrtQb(1.3.5.6), ZDS(1.3.5.6), Crtlb(1.3.99.26) (CR00132: CA00047 -> CA00043)




  ☀ CA00775 (Isorenieratene-3,3'-diol) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00722 (β-Isorenieratene) -> CA00770 (Isorenieratene) -> CA00774 (3-Hydroxyisorenieratene) -> CA00775 (Isorenieratene-3,3'-diol)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000009 (Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309), CB000012 (Knwon path in bacterium: CA00309 -> CA00722), CB000012 (Knwon path in bacterium: CA00722 -> CA00770), (CA00770 -> CA00774), (CA00774 -> CA00775)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtU (CR00153: CA00309 -> CA00722) --> CrtU (CR00154: CA00722 -> CA00770) --> unknown (CA00770 -> CA00774) --> unknown (CA00774 -> CA00775)




  ☀ CA00846 (Apo-10'-zeaxanthinal) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin) -> CA00846 (Apo-10'-zeaxanthinal)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000009 (Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309), CB000028 (Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00322), similar to CB000079: CA00311 -> CA01091 (proposed reaction: CA00322 -> CA00846)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00192: CA00309 -> CA00322) --> unknown (CA00322 -> CA00846)




  ☀ CA00808 (β-Apo-14'-carotenal) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00825 (β-Apo-8'-carotenal) -> CA01145 (β-Apo-8'-carotenol) -> CA00808 (β-Apo-14'-carotenal)

   See: CB000091 (Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00825 -> CA01145 -> CA00808)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CCD (CR00057: CA00309 -> CA00825) --> unknown (CR00269: CA00825 -> CA01145) --> unknown (CR00065: CA01145 -> CA00808)




  ☀ CA01033 ((11Z)-Retinol) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00807 (Retinal) -> CA01031 (Vitamin A) -> CA01043 (Retinyl palmitate) -> CA01033 ((11Z)-Retinol)

   See: CB000088 (Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00807 -> CA01031 -> CA01043 -> CA01033)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CCD, CarX, NosACO, Brp (CR00050: CA00309 -> CA00807) --> AtRDH (CR00259: CA00807 -> CA01031) --> unknown (CR00278: CA01031 -> CA01043) --> 11cROL, RPE65 (CR00292: CA01043 -> CA01033)




  ☀ CA01000 (Apo-15-zeaxanthinal) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin) -> CA01000 (Apo-15-zeaxanthinal)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000009 (Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309), CB000028 (Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00322), CR00051 (CA00322 -> CA01000)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00192: CA00309 -> CA00322) --> NinaB (CR00051: CA00322 -> CA01000)




  ☀ CA01003 (Apo-13-zeaxanthinone) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00043 (Lycopene) -> CA00191 (γ-Carotene) -> CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00322 (β-Cryptoxanthin) -> CA00846 (Apo-10'-zeaxanthinal) -> CA01003 (Apo-13-zeaxanthinone)

   See: CB000007 (Knwon path in general: CA00043 -> CA00191), CB000009 (Knwon path in general: CA00191 -> CA00309), CB000028 (Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00322), similar to CB000079: CA00311 -> CA01091 (proposed reaction: CA00322 -> CA00846), CR00079 (CA00846 -> CA01003)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P(5.5.1.19), AL2(5.5.1.19) (CR00374: CA00043 -> CA00191) --> CrtL(5.5.1.19), CrtY(5.5.1.19), CrtL-b(5.5.1.19), CruA/P, AL2, PSY(2.5.1.32) (CR00365: CA00191 -> CA00309) --> CrtR(1.14.13.129), CrtZ(1.14.13.129), LUT5(1.14.13.129), BCH(1.14.13.129) (CR00192: CA00309 -> CA00322) --> unknown (CA00322 -> CA00846) --> MtCCO (CR00079: CA00846 -> CA01003)




  ☀ CA00848 (β-Apo-13-carotenone) biosynthesis pathway

   Path: CA00309 (β-Carotene) -> CA00811 (β-Apo-10'-carotenal) -> CA00848 (β-Apo-13-carotenone)

   See: CB000090 (Knwon path in general: CA00309 -> CA00811 -> CA00848)

   Necessary enzymes for those reactions in theory: CCD7/MAX3 (CR00021: CA00309 -> CA00811) --> CCD8 (CR00080: CA00811 -> CA00848)



Ref.690 : Enfissi EM, Nogueira M, Bramley PM, Fraser PD, Plant J. 2017 Feb;89(4):774-788. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13428. Epub 2017 Feb 7., "The regulation of carotenoid formation in tomato fruit.", PMID: 27865019 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13428
Since June 15th, 2015 by Junko Yabuzaki.