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   CA00309  β-Carotene
   Photosynthetic pigment in cyanobacteria to higher plants (Ref.500, Ref.503).

   CA00328  Zeaxanthin
   Photosynthetic pigment in higher plants (Ref.415, Ref.428, Ref.503).

   CA00404  Diadinoxanthin
   Photosynthetic pigment (Ref.429).

   CA00407  Antheraxanthin
   Photosynthetic pigment in higher plants (Ref.415, Ref.428, Ref.503).

   CA00414  Neoxanthin
   Photosynthetic pigment of higher plants (Ref.503).

   CA00422  (9'Z)-Neoxanthin
   Photosynthetic pigment of higher plants (Ref.503).

   CA00416  Violaxanthin
   Photosynthetic pigment in higher plants (Ref.415, Ref.428, Ref.503).

   CA00519  Fucoxanthin
   Photosynthetic pigment in diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Nitzschia closterium - Coulomb coupling as a mechanism for carotenoid to Chl A energy transfer (Ref.501 and Ref.745).

   CA00579  Peridinin
   Photosynthetic pigment (Ref.502).

   CA00597  Lutein
   Photosynthetic pigment in higher plants (Ref.415, Ref.503).

   CA00627  Lutein epoxide
   Photosynthetic pigment of higher plants (Ref.503).

  • Ref.500 : Koyama Yasushi, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, Volume 9, Issues 3–4, June 1991, Pages 265–280, "New trends in photobiology: Structures and functions of carotenoids in photosynthetic systems".
  • Ref.503 : Javier de las Rivas, Anunciacion Abadia, and Javier Abadia, Plant Physiol. (1989) 91, 190-192, “A New Reversed Phase-HPLC Method Resolving All Major Higher Plant Photosynthetic Pigments1”.
  • Ref.415 : Takuji Tanaka, Masahito Shnimizu, and Hisataka Moriwaki, Molecules 2012, 17, 3202-3242; doi:10.3390/molecules17033202, "Cancer Chemoprevention by Carotenoids".
  • Ref.428 : Peter Jahns, Dariusz Latowski, Kazimierz Strzalka, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1787 (2009) 3–14, "Mechanism and regulation of the violaxanthin cycle: The role of antenna proteins and membrane lipids".
  • Ref.429 : Reimund Goss, Elizabeth Ann Pinto, Christian Wilhelm, Michael Richter, Journal of Plant Physiology, Volume 163, Issue 10, 5 October 2006, Pages 1008–1021, "The importance of a highly active and ΔpH-regulated diatoxanthin epoxidase for the regulation of the PS II antenna function in diadinoxanthin cycle containing algae".
  • Ref.501 : A.P. Shreve, J.K. Trautman, T.G. Owens, A.C. Albrecht, Chemical Physics, Volume 154, Issue 1, 15 June 1991, Pages 171-178, "A femtosecond study of electronic state dynamics of fucoxanthin and implications for photosynthetic carotenoid-to-chlorophyll energy transfer mechanisms".
  • Ref.745 : Dutton HJ and Manning (1941) Evidence for carotenoid-sensitized photosynthesis in the diatom Nitzschia closterium. Am J Bot 28: 516–526.
  • Ref.502 : Pill-Soon Song, Prasad Koka, Barbara B. Przelin, and Francis T. Haxo, Biochemistry. 1976 Oct 5;15(20):4422-7.. PMID: 987799, "Molecular Topology of the Photosynthetic Light - Harvesting Pigment Complex, Peridinin-Chlorophyll a-Protein, from Marine Dinoflagellates".
  • Since June 15, 2015 by Junko Yabuzaki.